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Green Building Bible, Fourth Edition
Green Building Bible, fourth edition (both books)
These two books are the perfect starting place to help you get to grips with one of the most vitally important aspects of our society - our homes and living environment.

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    • CommentAuthorollied
    • CommentTimeNov 25th 2013
     
    Hi,

    I'm in the process of buying a timber framed wreck that will be pulled down and replaced with a timber framed bungalow on the same footprint. Based on fabric/windows etc at code level 4-5 I have done a rough peak heat load calculation using the guide in "the whole house book" which comes out at 4.8kw for a floor area of 125m2.

    We are planning to have MVHR and two wood stoves as the only space heating. One guy I talked to at the Homebuilding show suggested air source heat pump linked to UFH instead, because of the work involved in lighting and fuelling the stoves, but at a cost... Am I missing something? Is there a good reason to opt for an alternative to 2x stoves + MVHR, and if so what...??

    Thanks

    Ollie
    • CommentAuthorDarylP
    • CommentTimeNov 25th 2013
     
    Do you have access to free, seasoned wood fuel?
    Space to store it, and the time to prepare it for burning?
    If so, then go with the WBS.
    Keep the space-heating demand to a minimum, and you will be OK.

    However can you see yourself stoking, cleaning and maintaining a WBS in 10-15 years, if not perhaps ASHP would be a better option?

    What is your predicted overall heat loss, and FEE?
    Good luck..:smile:
    • CommentAuthorollied
    • CommentTimeNov 25th 2013
     
    Yes, it's in 2 acres approx. of mixed woodland, so would have to buy in initially but potentially self sufficient after that.
    Excuse my ignorance, but what is FEE?
    Any other viable alternatives?
    •  
      CommentAuthordjh
    • CommentTimeNov 25th 2013
     
    Posted By: olliedWe are planning to have MVHR and two wood stoves as the only space heating.

    How are you planning to circulate the heat from the wood stoves around the rest of the house?
    • CommentAuthorollied
    • CommentTimeNov 25th 2013
     
    I was imagining that the MVHR would do that, with the main woodstove being in the open plan kit/dine/live...
    • CommentAuthorDarylP
    • CommentTimeNov 25th 2013
     
    ollied,

    MVHR tends not to be good at moving heat energy around dwellings...

    FEE - Fabric Energy Efficiency; the thermal performance of the building fabric. How much heat is lost through the walls, floor, roof, windows....

    If you have an open-plan bungalow, the WBS + MVHR 'might' work if the WBS(s) are situated correctly?
    ASHP + ufh results is larger heat emitters albeit at lower temps, but in the correct place.

    Where in the UK are you?

    Good luck...:smile:
    • CommentAuthorollied
    • CommentTimeNov 25th 2013
     
    Thanks Daryl,
    I had calculated peak heat loss based on code for sust homes level 4/5 fabric u-values, giving me the 4.8kw figure, or 2300kwh/pa.
    It's in Mid Wales about 275m asl.
    Had a quote from Nuheat for ASHP and UFH system at around £16000.
    What about a log boiler and UFH, which would do DHW as well?
  1.  
    It's a question of insulation and air-tightness dictating how well the house holds its heat. If it does so really well overnight, then you may not resent getting up to fire up a stove. If it does cool significantly (and it shouldn't if you build fat and tight!), and you want heating that comes on before you get up, then a log gasification boiler, accumulator and UFH may fit the bill, separating burn time from heating time.

    Nick
  2.  
    4.8kW load seems high compared to your total demand of 2300kWhr/a.

    Don't go spending £16K on a heat pump + UFH whatever you do.

    We have recently moved in to our new build in the south of Sweden, our figures are 2,6kW and 4400kWhrs/a respectively.

    During October we had no heating on at all and the house maintained 21-23ºC.

    I just switched on the 900W electric after heater in the MVHR last week, it runs on auto so I have no idea what sort of draw it is taking but out of the 20 or so times I've looking the light has been on for the heater only twice.

    We had around -4ºC last night and the house was at 20.1ºC at 6.30am then we had a beautiful sunny but cold morning and the house was up to 22ºC by lunch time.

    We installed basic water borne heating running as one zone on the ground floor slab, cost about £2,200 installed. We haven't used it yet apart from testing it out. It is fed directly off the hot tank which is heated by an electric immersion, no reason why you couldn't do similar and heat the water from the WBS. We plan to add about 10kWp of PV next year to offset most or all of our electrical consumption.
    • CommentAuthorollied
    • CommentTimeNov 25th 2013
     
    Chris, what's the brand/model of your MVHR with a heating element? Will see if there's something similar available in the UK...

    Mmmmm, maybe something awry with our calcs, tho fairly sure the 4.8kw peak was right, will check.....
  3.  
    It's a Rec Temovex RT-400S-EC-RS you can also order it with a 1.8kW after heater.

    It's not the most efficient of units being rated at 84% I would have preferred a PAUL unit but it came as part of the package from my timber frame supplier and the cost of upgrading to the PAUL just didn't add up.

    http://www.rec-indovent.se/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=188
    • CommentAuthorborpin
    • CommentTimeNov 25th 2013
     
    Posted By: olliedWe are planning to have MVHR and two wood stoves as the only space heating.
    My feeling is that you will simply roast next to a WBS in a well insulated house and air tight house. MVHR does not move heat around very well. I'd go for a simple UFH system off a big tank. How are you supplying DHW?
    • CommentAuthordaserra
    • CommentTimeNov 25th 2013
     
    At the moment we have a WBS with just the heat dump rad connected without a pump in the hall behind and are managing to distrubute to the whole house. It's a WBS that puts out 80% to the boiler so we don't at all roast and it's (allegedly) 82% efficient.
    We do intend soon to connect the buffer and radiators on a zoned and pumped system so we can get the heat to where we want it more accurately and efficiently.
    • CommentAuthorollied
    • CommentTimeNov 26th 2013
     
    Borbin, plan for solar thermal with elec. immersion back up. I am a bit worried that it'll just be too hot, have friends running space heating and hot water off woodfired range and their kitchen is always too hot. When you say simple UFH what would you drive it with?

    Thanks all for the comments/suggestions....
  4.  
    In a well insulated airtight house you should be able to get away with single zone UFH on the ground floor, avoiding the complication of multiple room thermostats, actuators, etc. However, if you have UFH in the bedrooms, you may want to have these as separate zones to avoid over-heating, i.e. as zones which can isolate themselves when satisfied, but not call for heat from any central heat source.

    David
  5.  
    Posted By: olliedWhen you say simple UFH what would you drive it with?

    It's a tricky one Ollie, I would suggest that you get good estimates for your heat demand and heat load, then when you are confident of what the numbers are you can start looking at the alternatives.

    If your previous calculation is correct and your total heat demand is 2300kWh/a then what would that cost you with direct electricity? (I'm guessing at a unit costing 15p so 2300x0.15=£345)

    If that is the case then say a heat pump with a COP of 3 will save you £230 per year so that £16,000 you quoted earlier will take over 60 years to pay back, so that makes no sense as the heat pump will never last that long anyway.

    If your heat demand is that low then you are not going to find anything with a capital cost so low that it will give you a good pay back compared to direct electricity.

    You could install electric under floor heating in your slab and run it on E7 working like a huge storage heater you will only want to heat the slab by a degree or two overnight and it will slowly release the heat to the house during the day.

    Or you could install some simple thermostatically controlled electric panel heaters and run them on normal rate electricity.

    Run your DHW tank on E7 in the winter and install some PV to power the immersion in the summer and provide some extra power for general domestic use.
    • CommentAuthorollied
    • CommentTimeNov 26th 2013
     
    Chris, yeah will redo calcs. I used the guide in the whole house book, and was trying to find another to compare but EST say they don't have such info, any other source for something simple?

    The building will be timber frame so no slab, but is there any reason why I wouldn't do the same with E7/solar thermal heating an accumulator feeding wet UFH? Maybe with a WBS with a back boiler for emergencies??
  6.  
    Timber frame is normally built off a concrete slab. Apart from the obvious structural function, this provides useful thermal mass & a ready made large surface area heat emitter. What are you planning for foundations?

    David
    • CommentAuthorollied
    • CommentTimeNov 26th 2013
     
    David, timber frame co's we've spoken to have talked about concrete pads rather than a whole area slab, though I appreciate that we'll be missing out on the mass effect...
  7.  
    Posted By: ollied Maybe with a WBS with a back boiler for emergencies??


    Nope, in a low energy house wood burning stoves give rise to two problems. One is overheating as already mentioned and the other is that cold air tumbling down the flue makes the stove into a cold radiator any time it is not lit.

    http://canmetenergy.nrcan.gc.ca/software-tools/hot2000/84

    That's a link to a heat loss calculator that "Paul in Montreal" frequently mentions on here, Someone else posted a similar type spreadsheet on here recently but I can't find it with a quick search at the moment.

    My estimates were done in the Passive House Planning Program (PHPP) but that costs quite a few bob to get done professionally.
    • CommentAuthorDarylP
    • CommentTimeNov 26th 2013 edited
     
    • CommentAuthordickster
    • CommentTimeNov 26th 2013
     
    Ollied. Our 2 year old 1.5 storey "chalet bungalow" is reasonably well insulated approx 120m^2 and has the following: 5kWh wood burner for space heating. It does not roast us as we are able to turn it down. We have underfloor heating (not used) running off calor combi boiler which is our source of hot water for shower. MVHR (not used). Two big kettles on stove for hot water when stove on. Kettles on gas cooker for hot water through summer. Glazed roof light accidently acts as air stirrer in front room in winter. 4 inch hole in floor under kitchen units brings fresh air in, bedroom windows snicked open.
    Our brick chimney acts as overnight heatstore, at the moment, during the day, stove on 1 log every 90 mins maybe, temp at 19-20 c ish.
    47kg gas bottle lasts 3.5 months @ £65 a go. expect to use 8-10m^3 of very loosely stacked logs over average winter, but who knows what sort of winter we're going to get?
    There's only two of us and so it's all dead simple. We're in Hampshire.
  8.  
    Posted By: DarylPHOT 2000 ?


    Exactly. It's a bit of work to set up the model, but it's more accurate than the spreadsheet based "tools". I have years of actual measured consumption that has been used to validate my hot2000 model.

    Paul in Montreal.
    • CommentAuthorborpin
    • CommentTimeNov 26th 2013
     
    Posted By: olliedDavid, timber frame co's we've spoken to have talked about concrete pads rather than a whole area slab, though I appreciate that we'll be missing out on the mass effect...
    Slightly OT but firstly where are you? Secondly, you will therefore be looking at a suspended timber floor. These are notoriously difficult to insulate and seal for air tightness. You really do want a solid floor with loads of insulation. UFH is a very cost effective solution especially when run 'simply' i.e. at low temperatures about the same as the ambient you are trying to achieve. Best to have 2 zones, one for living and one for sleeping. If you are looking at Solar Thermal then look at the Akvaterm cylinders. However, I am not yet convinced I would not have been better with PV and 2 big immersion heaters. Time will tell (still need to get the ST connected up).
  9.  
    Posted By: borpinSlightly OT but firstly where are you?


    Posted By: olliedIt's in Mid Wales about 275m asl.


    @dickster Why don't you use the MVHR? Is it not operating correctly? I would see the MVHR as one of the most positive features in our new house, the place is nice and warm with excellent air quality especially in the bedrooms.
    • CommentAuthorGarethC
    • CommentTimeNov 27th 2013
     
    Or you could buy a few of these http://tinyurl.com/kj64dv7 (4.7kW max output ones are best cost/COP trade off, or there's a bigger Mitsubishi -Electric-, not heavy industries, one) for a fraction of the cost of A2W with UFH.

    If you do, let us know how well they work! Especially whether you reckon they get anywhere near their 5+ COPs - no data on that for rainy old UK, but they should do better than A2W.
    • CommentAuthordickster
    • CommentTimeNov 27th 2013
     
    Chris P B. Very mean with the electric (3.5 kWh per day), plenty of logs. MVHR fitted for green mortgage purposes, can hear the fan although it's not too loud. Prefer to live with things switched off where possible.
  10.  
    Do you have other means of ventilation? How is that incoming air heated?

    David
    • CommentAuthorstones
    • CommentTimeNov 28th 2013
     
    Ollied,

    We have a well insulated home and have both a full DHW and heating system and WBS. It is of course a balance between convenience and time / money.

    If you have your own wood, you could save money but as others have said, do not underestimate the work involved in processing the wood. My neighbour runs a WBS system and spends all his time off (every weekend and every evening in spring, autumn and summer) scavenging, collecting and processing wood. Might seem a good idea now but in a few years time as age takes its toll? You also have to consider what happens when you want to sell?

    Others are quite right that a WBS, even a 5kw as we have can overheat the house. We find that if we load the WBS up with wood it burns hot and fast, the trick with ours anyway is to slowly drip feed wood on - that keeps the fire less fierce and the heat steady.
    • CommentAuthordickster
    • CommentTimeNov 28th 2013
     
    Davidfree...Air comes in via airbricks under a suspended engineered timber beam floor ( packed with recycled newspaper) then up through hole in floor under kitchen units. Also windows in bedroom and bathroom kept on snick. This costs us in logs rather than leccy, maybe one log a day. It is not draughty!, but we do close up a bit more when the below zero in the day days are upon us.

    Ollied. Two major things I would change now if I had the chance. I didn't realise that you could insulate in/under the slab/ring beam, so would revisit to see whether direct contact with ground or insulated is best.

    Also we have insulation between brick face and flue on the internal elevation, so lose the chance of using chimney as a radiator. (This might be against regs?)
   
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