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Green Building Bible, Fourth Edition
Green Building Bible, fourth edition (both books)
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  1.  
    Why are we not allowed to consider air source heat pumps ? Is this not renewable re using the heat in the air???

    Comments please
    • CommentAuthortony
    • CommentTimeFeb 3rd 2009
     
    Because the main man dont like them because they use energy all be it to produce more or sane some they still use energy. I think this is why?
    •  
      CommentAuthorPaulT
    • CommentTimeFeb 3rd 2009 edited
     
    Condemed by your own performance claims.


    Under UK building regulations the maximum permitted performance level allowable in an Air Source Heat Pump is 2.5 with underfloor heating, 1.75 with normal radiators.

    Considering the carbon intensity of Electricity is 0.56KgCO2/kwh (gas 0.22, biomass around 0.02) then even with this deivered energy multiplier it is hardly low carbon. Electricity is also expensive stuff!

    - Because of this I have actualy found assessed homes where they are worse off than with their previous gas systems! (but poorer)



    Stop inviting members to contact you off-line - most are not experts and have no way of verifying your claims; not exactly ethical.
  2.  
    Just to clarify its was also because of the enormous number of threads associated with heat pumps (over 60)... so always search before you post and add to another thread.

    J
  3.  
    its also generally not considered polite to SHOUT...

    :wink:

    J
  4.  
    perhaps it because there being wrongly sold in the UK as the answer to low carbon/energy space heating
    when really reducing heat load would not only make more sense, its also probably the cheaper option
    unfortunately ,cheap simple solutions and profit dont normal go hand in hand
  5.  
    In reference to Paul T.

    I want to send information that has been created through our system. It all stacks up and has been verified by the UNiversity of Stratheclyde who advise BRE.

    So members please contact me as i can verify every bit of data we have and if you would like to see Paul T then i will send to you.

    So do you tell people who ask for renewables how exspensive solar and ground source systems are to install and what the pay back periods are????
  6.  
    Mark , that would be interesting , my address is on my account info. thanks
  7.  
    There is something ironic about an internet forum censoring the discussion of a technology that uses lots of electrical energy.

    This forum and associated website exist through the use of a technology which is responsable for the consumption of vast amounts of electricity and the production of CO2. Yes valuable eco info is being transmited but still a trifle hypocritical some might say....

    http://technology.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/tech_and_web/article5489134.ece
    While millions of people tap into Google without considering the environment, a typical search generates about 7g of CO2 Boiling a kettle generates about 15g. Google operates huge data centres around the world that consume a great deal of power,'said Alex Wissner-Gross, a Harvard University physicist whose research on the environmental impact of computing is due out soon. ' Google search has a definite environmental impact.


    Google is secretive about its energy consumption and carbon footprint. It also refuses to divulge the locations of its data centres. However, with more than 200m internet searches estimated globally daily, the electricity consumption and greenhouse gas emissions caused by computers and the internet is provoking concern. A recent report by Gartner, the industry analysts, said the global IT industry generated as much greenhouse gas as the world’s airlines - about 2% of global CO2 emissions. “Data centres are among the most energy-intensive facilities imaginable,” said Evan Mills, a scientist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California. Banks of servers storing billions of web pages require power.
  8.  
    bot de paille.

    "GET IN" you are a legend.

    Mark:devil:
    • CommentAuthorralphd
    • CommentTimeFeb 3rd 2009
     
    Here in eastern Canada where there is very little natural gas coverage air-source heat pumps are much better than the common choice for residential heating: electric baseboard.
    In our climate the typical COP is around 2.0, vs ~3.0 for ground-source closed loop and ~3.5 for open loop (I use an open loop heat pump for my ~1500m^3/~500m^2 house).
  9.  
    Mark,

    Could you sketch out the the benefits of ASHP vs GSHP please as this seems to be a key issue ?

    J
    • CommentAuthorDantenz
    • CommentTimeFeb 3rd 2009
     
    Like it or lump it, heat pumps are here to stay in the foreseeable future as the only viable alternative to fossil fuels. I believe this technology should be embraced with particular emphasis given to the right sort of application. Lets face it ultimately, electricity is most likely to be the energy source we use in the future to heat our homes.
    •  
      CommentAuthorPaulT
    • CommentTimeFeb 3rd 2009
     
    My e-mail account is on my profile.

    I do advise people on the return on investment (both financialy and environmentaly) on the return on investment on different options; taking a independent and objective view considering the immediate benefits and the whole life cycle of a building.

    The UK government is sufficient concerned with the mis-selling of heat pumps to have stated that further reseach is required (hence the reason for MANDATORY government performance values in new homes).

    Untill a proper system for predicting seasonaly adjusted performance can be set up then this will not change and even then a rigourous, building regulation approved, design and comissioning system will be required. Untill then no manufacturers claims can be accepted for new homes.

    This approach may, of course, stifle innovation, but is necessary - a home has a huge environmental impact and we a a long way short of where we need to be in rectifying this.
    •  
      CommentAuthorPaulT
    • CommentTimeFeb 3rd 2009
     
    Dantez - a stated aim of the Passiv Haus institute is to reduce domestic heating demand to the point where Germany has enough biomass energy to heat their homes.

    I do not accept heat pumps are inevitable (based on current technology) and if you look at the amount of energy required to provide space heating there is absolutely no way we could generate enough energy from renewables (or even including a "reasonable" nuclear programme).

    The reality is that, in my view, the best way forwards, short of a huge technology breakthrough, is to use less energy.

    This means insulation with zero running costs and HRV's (with COPs of 10-20), low energy lighting and efficient appliances...

    ------------------
    Are not renewable biomass, wind,tidal, wave and Solar viable alternatives?

    - There is no one solution! (howe many times do I have to say this :confused:)
    •  
      CommentAuthorbetterroof
    • CommentTimeFeb 3rd 2009
     
    exactly! while innovation and emerging tech do have a very valid place in the discussion, we do need to focus more on passive solutions and reducing our demand - more efficient appliances running on a hybrid of systems depending on primary use and location. there is so much good tech out there that putting together a decent system is not hard. the main obstacle is availability and price, but that is only because we aren't designing for it in the mainstream.
    • CommentAuthorbrig001
    • CommentTimeFeb 3rd 2009
     
    Excuse me being thick here, but I assume we are talking about air (outside) to water (inside). Do the same arguments apply to air to air heat pumps? Do these same arguments stack up as well with CO2 refrigerants? I believe that these have a higher COP, but are more fussy. Would air to air with HRV make sense?

    Sorry, a lot of questions, I know. I'll try harder next time :wink:
    • CommentAuthorSimonH
    • CommentTimeFeb 3rd 2009 edited
     
    Posted By: Mark PainterWhy are we not allowed to consider air source heat pumps as they generate over 4 to 5 times the amount of energy they consume???? Is this not renewable re using the heat in the air???

    Comments please


    ??? Not allowed to talk about them???

    I've seen dozens of threads and have contributed to several.

    Problem to me seems to be that even the best performing ones - do less than the 4 to 5 times you mention at the time you need the heat the most ie.e when it's below 5 degrees. In a well insualted home, over a heating season they can save CO2 and money, but when it's really cold you're best to switch off the heat pump and switch to gas. This is becuase they have a COP of 2 at this temperature. Seasonal performance is therefore usually worked out as 2.5 to factor in most of the heat you demand is drwan at the coldest time of year. The 4 to 5 times is best possible - i.e when it's 15 degrees outside, which hopefully means you'll be using next to no heating anyway.

    If you use a heat pump during peak electric periods in the middle of winter, say the time you return to the house and want to warm it up, you'll be using electricity from a peak load combine cycle gas turbine powerstation which means you are burning gas to get electricity at an efficincy of 60%. And then paying 15p / kwH for the electricity. On carbon, ÂŁ and resource depletion terms you'd be better off burning the gas in a 90% efficient gas boilier and paying 4p kWh for the priveledge.

    It get compicated as it gets warmer. At some point between 5 and 15 degrees - and depending on your tariff, and carbon mix from your supplier the numbers can stack in favour of the heat pump.

    So the best solution seems to be to have both!
    • CommentAuthorralphd
    • CommentTimeFeb 3rd 2009
     
    The other problem with air-source heat pumps besides high lift in cold temps is defrost; the evaporator coil is frequently below the dew point and below 0C. So many air-source heat pumps have a defrost timer cycle where they consume power but produce no heat for a few minutes.

    Even if you have gas available, it can be more expensive than a heat pump. The retail price of natural gas is typically 2-3x the wholesale cost. Retail electricity is usually less than 2x the wholesale cost. By this measure the distribution system for electricity is more efficient than natural gas.

    Natural gas is something I think the government should be involved with. When running water/sewer lines adding gas lines is cheaper than a gas company doing it separately. An government long bond yields are now <4%, so government can get the capital cheaper than a private company.
    •  
      CommentAuthordjh
    • CommentTimeFeb 3rd 2009
     
    Posted By: PaulTDantez - a stated aim of the Passiv Haus institute is to reduce domestic heating demand to the point where Germany has enough biomass energy to heat their homes.

    I do not accept heat pumps are inevitable

    Paul, I haven't seen this aim of the PHI before. Can you give me a pointer to where they state it?

    I am surprised by it, but I confess that I was also surprised when I realized that Feist supported the use of heat pumps. You can see that support on this page for example - http://www.passivhaustagung.de/Passive_House_E/compact_system_passive_house.htm - and on that page he also says "The German biomass potential (some 90 Billion kWh/a at maximum) is sufficient to cover 16% of the contemporary heating requirement of all households. If the efficiency of the buildings is increased to the level of passive houses (i.e. a factor 5), the same energy will be sufficient to heat 79% of all domestic buildings." That's why I'm surprised to hear of their 100% biomass statement.

    I agree with you that large reductions in energy demand are absolutely necessary. We also need lots of renewable energy sources and most probably we need nuclear too. And a miracle.
  10.  
    '' that provides a zero carbon footprint,''

    I have only skim-read, but have I missed a stipulation that no-one can use your system unless they sign up to a Green supplier? If not, then how is the above statement correct?
    • CommentAuthorralphd
    • CommentTimeFeb 3rd 2009
     
    Mark, it reads like a bunch of marketing BS.
    For credibility you need real numbers; i.e. what is the COP at -10C outside heating domestic hot water to 60C?
    Here's a spec sheet from a FHP water-water unit. Don't bother telling me what your product MAY do, tell me what it WILL do.
  11.  
    <blockquote><cite>Posted By: Nick Parsons</cite>'' that provides a zero carbon footprint,''

    I have only skim-read, but have I missed a stipulation that no-one can use your system unless they sign up to a Green supplier? If not, then how is the above statement correct?</blockquote>

    Ok i agree that the statement zero carbon footprint cannot be considered if the electricity comes from a supplier that generates i fuel producing a carbon footprintso that needs to be changed or removed
  12.  
    <blockquote><cite>Posted By: ralphd</cite>Mark, it reads like a bunch of marketing BS.
    For credibility you need real numbers; i.e. what is the COP at -10C outside heating domestic hot water to 60C?
    Here's a spec sheet from a FHP water-water unit. Don't bother telling me what your product MAY do, tell me what it WILL do.</blockquote>

    Ralph

    Can provide the graphs on this information but as for the COP at minus ten we have not had it tested to that extreme as we don't generally get that sort of temperature in this country very often but i will go away and have an answer for you tomorrow as my other computer at work has the graphs on and i cannot paste on here. I can e-mail the info tomorrow if you want so send an email but the info i do have is only the cop of unit at 45 degrees but the units comply with all relevant European standards, including EN14511- both in terms of operating efficiency and manufacturing process as our manufacturing facilities are ISO 9001 accredited. The units have a COP of 3.24 based upon testing against the criteria set out in EN14511 - based upon an ambient temperature of 1/2 degrees C (rather than 6/7—meaning that the units are extremely efficient) and use R407c refrigerant.

    I will look into your question tomorrow but when we where testing we never has that temperature outside so i will see if i can extrapolate the data and see what the coldest temp we had and what it was performing like. I think off top of my head the temp went down to minus 7 but as for temperature in cylinder i don't think it got up to 60 degrees. But you need to look at the cylinder also as this is a thermal store and adds to the system. the calculations my partner did today were suggesting the cylinder added another 2.44 Kw of energy to the system but i will ask tomorrow. If you email me your address i can provide all the information on the ashp cop as i have a powerpoint presentation that has all the graphs on. And it also compares our propery with another used by BRE as a generic model using gas combi.

    Mark
  13.  
    <blockquote><cite>Posted By: James Norton</cite>its also generally not considered polite to SHOUT...

    <img title=":wink:" start="fileopen" height="15" alt=":wink:" isMap="false" hspace="0" loop="1" src="http://www.greenbuildingforum.co.uk/newforum/extensions/Vanillacons/smilies/standard/wink.gif" width="15" vspace="0"></img>

    J</blockquote>

    Sorry for shouting by the way :cry:
    • CommentAuthorralphd
    • CommentTimeFeb 4th 2009
     
    Mark,

    I'm not interested in your product. I'm pointing out that other products have detailed performance specs at various source/load temps.
    A 3.24 COP is pretty good for an air-source heat pump. Geothermal pumps (like the FHP spec sheet I sent) are much better. Here's another geothermal manufacturer to compare.
    http://www.nordicghp.com/mg/

    R290 performs better at most load/source temperatures than R407c, and is really green (enough for greenpeace, at least).
    http://archive.greenpeace.org/ozone/greenfreeze/
    • CommentAuthorSimonH
    • CommentTimeFeb 4th 2009
     
    Can you explain specifically what the "up to" savings are compared to? When you start mixing gas, coal and electric but don't state which the "up to" covers it starts to sound like marketing hype.

    Also I'd dispute the CO2 saving on the gas. DEFRA's figures give

    0.21 Kg/kWh for Gas
    0.43 Kg/kWh for Elec

    Assuming 250% efficinecy for an ASHP then the figure drops to

    0.17 Kg/kWh which is a 16.5% saving. You find it difficult to argue this up any more, unless you want to get BRE to revise their inputs to SAP which is what most system specifers will be using to compare your claimed figures.

    As for Ă‚ÂŁ - the latest SEDBUK which SAP uses puts

    Oil 4.01p kWh.
    Peak electric 11.59 p kWh 250% = 4.64p
    Off peak at 4.43p kWh 250% = 1.77p.

    So depending on how much peak and off peak you use, you'll either end up costing more than oil, or make a substantial savings. Considering your intro makes the case against oil heating, and wasting heat by heating the tank at night, I'd be worried you're using more peak time electric than off peak.

    Lastly why the need to keep the house at 17 degrees? This suggests the ASHP can only trickle heat the house and can't dump heat in ewhen you need it. Doesn't this use more energy than letting the house cool a lot more? I suppose if the house is well insulated this won't be a problem as it won't cool that much. My 1960's house only dropped to 17 today (-1 to 5 max outside) and I haven't started the upgrades yet. Someday's it does drop lower - but I was in all day yesterday so the house got "charged up".

    All this is based on the assumption you haven't invented a new tpye of heat pump and are getting similar COPs to existing systems - but you are trying to add some control.
  14.  
    Well it is quite interesting to note that France, a country that has been very forward in it's green energy initiatives (offering tax cashbacks to anyone that installed green heating equipment), WAS offering up to 50% off heat pumps.

    For 2009, they made some changes and air/air heat pumps have been dropped completely, i.e. 0% off, whereas ground source heat pumps remain at 50%. This for me is very telling, as clearly, someone within the French government thinks that air/air heat pumps should not be encouraged, and this in a country where nearly all the electricity is produced by nuclear, i.e. no C02 emissions. If it were by gas, then presumably they would have dropped them even quicker.

    For anyone interested, condensing oil/gas boilers get 30% off I think, double glazing 25%, insulation 50%, wood boilers 40%.
    • CommentAuthorSnikom
    • CommentTimeFeb 4th 2009
     
    I just did a quick search for ASHP and air source heat pumps in the title. There are 29 threads including this one. I don't know who you think in imposing this censorship but they seem to be pretty poor at it. I would have thought if you were to be censored it would be on the basis of advertising.

    I myself will have to at least consider ASHP for my heating system (Victorian House, No mains gas, not enough room for gshp coils and if I go biomass I will have to buy in as I I have no room to grow my own). However I have to say Mark I would take any comments by yourself with a large pinch of salt as you seem to be far keener on promoting your product and interests than you do on general discussion.

    Just my two penneth

    Chris R
    • CommentAuthorCWatters
    • CommentTimeFeb 4th 2009 edited
     
    Posted By: bot de paille While millions of people tap into Google without considering the environment, a typical search generates about 7g of CO2 Boiling a kettle generates about 15g.


    Very unfair to pick on Google though. What they fail to mention is the amount of CO that would be produced if we didn't have the internet to help us.
   
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