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Energy Assessment: Primary Energy Factors

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  1.  
    • CommentAuthorsinnerboy
    • CommentTimeMar 14th 2009
     
    Hoping someone here may help

    In Ireland the primary energy factor for electricity is 2.7 i.e. for every kw delivered 2.7kw has been consumed in the generation and distribution of that energy

    For oil ( kerosene ) and natural gas the factor is 1.1

    Can anyone post links to show how these factors compare with the UK and better still other countries too ?

    And anything on how these factors are derived ?

    Thanks in advance .
    • CommentAuthorCWatters
    • CommentTimeMar 14th 2009
     
    Google suggests you might want "Table 12 of SAP" but I don't have a copy to check.

    There might not be a single agreed set of figures. Take C02 emissions.

    http://www.nottenergy.com/energy-costs-comparison3

    Quote: The amount of greenhouse gas pollution associated with each fuel is also listed, to aid energy source selection on environmental grounds. These factors are taken from building regulations Part L 2006. Lower emissions factors are published by DEFRA, for company emissions reporting; these do not include indirect emissions from fuel supply chain. Higher factors are used for the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme reporting (EUETS). It is important to check which dataset you are required to use.
  3.  
    Quebec: the factor is 0.06 for electricity since it is pretty much all hydroelectric and the distribution loss in the grid is around 6%. But since pretty much no CO2 is emitted, then the primary energy factor is close to zero.

    For the oil and natural gas figures, does anyone ever calculate the energy required for distribution (compression for gas, lorries etc. for oil) in the primary energy figure? Or is that what's in the 1.1 factor in the original post?

    Paul in Montreal.
    • CommentAuthorsinnerboy
    • CommentTimeMar 15th 2009 edited
     
    Paul - thanks for that - and good question . DEAP - the Irish method for demonstrating compliance with b regs and for producing BER certs - sets the factor for oil and gas at 1.1 - i.e 10% of the energy content is consumed before the consumer uses it . One is not allowed to manually alter this factor when using the DEAP software . ( DEAP is akin to SAP )

    This HAS to be a factor which only takes into account CO2 emmited once the oil/gas has reached Ireland - ignoring all emmisions in getting it here in the first place .

    Point is - I don't know how the factors are arrived at , and am seeking help to find out
    • CommentAuthorsimeon
    • CommentTimeMar 15th 2009
     
    How these factors are arrived at?

    Try:

    http://www.iop.org/activity/policy/Publications/file_32150.pdf

    Enjoy.
    • CommentAuthorsinnerboy
    • CommentTimeJun 17th 2009
     
    • CommentAuthorsinnerboy
    • CommentTimeJun 17th 2009
     
    @simeon

    Thanks for that link . Bedtime reading indeed !
    • CommentAuthorsinnerboy
    • CommentTimeJul 6th 2009 edited
     
    the Primary Energy Factor for electricity is reducing by 12% at the same time CO2 emission rate is increasing by 40%

    From 2.8 PEF + .422 kg/kwh here

    http://projects.bre.co.uk/sap2005/pdf/SAP2005_9-82.pdf

    to 2.5 PEF .591 kg/kwh here

    http://www.bre.co.uk/filelibrary/SAP/2009/Draft_SAP_2009_tables.pdf

    Anyone know how that circle is squared ?
  9.  
    Posted By: sinnerboysets the factor for oil and gas at 1.1 - i.e 10% of the energy content is consumed before the consumer uses it .
    It can't be that simple - we're talking EROEI here, and it vastly different between Saudi and Athabasca.
    • CommentAuthorsinnerboy
    • CommentTimeJul 7th 2009
     
    Quite so Biff . This is the reason for this thread - how are the factors deduced ?

    This paper - on revised SAP CO2 emmisions

    http://www.bre.co.uk/filelibrary/SAP/2009/STP09-CO201_Revised_emission_factors.pdf

    outlines reasons why CO2 emmisons are being revised - I have not found a similar paper on how and why PEF factors are being revised - or how they were deduced for SAP 2005
  11.  
    It's so complex that any single PEF number is pretty much meaningless, at best and average, but probably hopelessly inaccurate since the quality of the primary data used to calculate it will be rubbish! Maybe some sort of rought guide for relative merits?

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